Abstract: The distribution of electric field strength before and after the installation of overhead ground wire is simulated and calculated by finite element analysis software, and the reason for reducing direct lightning strike of overhead ground wire is analyzed. At the same time, the probability of direct lightning stroke is reduced from the maximum intensity analysis. The change of induced voltage before and after the installation of overhead ground wire is analyzed from different landforms, and the lightning protection effect of the installation of overhead ground wire is obtained. At the same time, the grounding mode, protective measures and typical type of lightning arrester should be adopted for the installation of overhead ground wire are proposed.