Abstract: In recent years, the power consumption of residents in China has been increasing, and the load of distribution network has been increasing year by year. Heavy load or overload has occurred in some areas, which has seriously affected the safety, reliability and stability of distribution network operation. Based on the current situation of 10 kV distribution network operation in a certain area, this paper studies the distribution network design scheme for the heavy load problem of 10 kV public transformer, and determines the technical points and precautions for the construction of power transformation and distribution facilities, overhead lines and cable lines. The purpose is to relieve the distribution pressure to a certain extent and solve the heavy load problem of public transformer.